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Pa4ge FAg,S THE MOUNT VERNON, IOWA, HA'tVKEYE-RECORD AND THE LISBON HERAId) Thursday, November
j |.ill . ii ill . l lm i i
The Land Of Sunshine
By F. M. McGaw
Interesting Visit To
Mount Wilson Conservatory
In recent years the observant
reader has seen many notices of the
casting of a large piece of glass at
Corning, New York, to be used for
a new telescope being constructed
on Mount Palomar in Southern
California. These references have
produced a sort of astronomical
consciousness in the populace. We
have become reconciled to what are
called "astronomical figures" and
"astronomical expenditures" in
these days because we take it for
granted that we have truly a new
deal in all departments of life.
There is a thrill in trailing billions
and trillions into one's conversa-
tion. I remember as a ~boy in learn-
ing to write checks, I experimented
e's
PHONE 4312
MOUNT VERNON
Deliveries at 9 and 11 a.m.; 2 and 5 p.m.
Fresh Fruits and Vegetables
Artichokes, each 10e
Pears, dozen 35e
Cranberries, lb tPc
Avocado,s, large, each 1Pc
Endive, at its best 8c
Jersey Sweet Spu&% 7 lbs 25c
Cauliflower, h ~td, 15c to 23c
TomatOeS, Ib 8c
Pascal Celery, blmch 10c
Radishes, bunch 5c
Cucumbers, each 8c
Bru~,~eU Sl)rOuts, 1 quart 21c
Tokay Graims, 2 pounds 15c
Pink GraI~efruit, 6 for 25c
Oranges, Calif. Juice, ,~
dozen 19c, 29c, 33c, 39c
Hubbard Squash, Lettuce, De-
licious Apples, Cabbage, On-
ions, Idaho Baking Potatoes.
BIRDSEYE ]~RO S~PED
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Week-End Grocery Specials
Brazil Nuts, lb 18c
I~'amily Mix Salted Nuts,
pound 13c
Bunte's Bridge Mix, Chocolate
Nuts, pound i lsc
Monarch Krumbled Kernel
Peanut Butter, 1 lb jar 21c
Spam, Lunch 3rleat, can 25c
PINEAPPLE, Dessert Cuts or
Cr~tshed, No. 2~ can 21c
I,'RUIT COCKTAIL, reg. 17c
2 cans 27e
GWC Garden Run Peas,
2 ean.s 25c
~onarch Imrge Sweet ]Peas,
2 cans 27c
COFI~E, All popular brands,
2 lb can 49c
Heinz Bread & Butter
Pickles, Jar 23c
Cr(~s & Blw~kwell Onion or
Noodle Soup, large cans,
2 fur 25c
~Vheatie~% 2 pkgs 23c
Wheat Gernb can 20c
Graham Crackers, 2 Ibs 23c
T. C. Pancake Flour, 5 lb
bag 15c
~[onarch Gelatin, 4 pkgs 19c
~Ionarch l~rge Prnnes,
2 lb pkg 25c
Hershey's Chocolate,
~'6 lb pkg 13c
Bleached Raisins, plqg 12c
~iorton's ,%alt, 2 tubes 17c
~ot Towels, 2 pkgs 23c
lvory Soap, 3 large, 1 meal. 31c
P & G ,~rmp, 5 bars 19e
Jay Granulated ~ap, ~ 15e
and MARKET
DIAL 3121 MO JNT VERNON, IOWA
PERKO COFFEE,
V ac Packed, lb 15c
HORTENING, 39c
Jewel, 3 Ib can
OYSTER box23C
CRACKERS 2 Ib
MACARONI AND
SPAGHETTI, 2 lbs
15c
CHeF 15c
13c
SUGAR, 2 lbs
NAVY BF- NS, 19c
4 pounds
LONGHORN
CHEESE, Ib 19c
OATMEAL, Quick
or Reg. 5 lb bag
PEACHES, Golden
City, 2 can 10c
MARSHMALLOWS,
1 lb pkg 1 lc
SHUEYVILLE
O'7
SORGHUM, Gal O,
OCCIDENT
$1 55
FLOUR, 49 lbs .
RAISINS, Thomp-
son Seedless, 2 ibs
15c
CHILE, Van Camps,
1/t
1 pound can IUc
NORTHERN
qC
TISSUE, 5 Rolls LoC
CLEANSER, Light
House, 3 cans IUc
CRANBERRIES,
Quart 17
GRAPEFRUIT
10for 25c
PORK SAUSAGE
Lean, pound 15c
you about
introductory offer on
New and Improved JAY
Granulated Soap?"
COUPON
This coupon and 15c entitles holder to one regular
23c carton JAY GRANULATED SOAP--Richer
in cocoanut oil for suds---made by improved flak-
ing process for quicker suds.
Take This Coupon To the Following Dealers
MT. VERNON STORES
Pringles
Kalibans
Clover Farm Store
Dilley's
Josephine's
City Meat Market
LISBON STORES
City Market
Kaliban's Clover Farm
Store
Fouse Grocery
Sankot Grocery
West End Lunch and
Station
Jaynes soap and Chemical Co.
1
MT. WILSON OBSERVATORY
in writing a check for one thousand r of glass was removed from the disc,
i dollars to a fictitious friend. It was I a ~tisfactory surface was obtained.
:a harmless, extravagant school ex- ]This was covered with a silver film
l ercise then. The tyro in bookkeep- ]for reflection.
ing now-a-days would sniff at aI Mr. Andrew Carnegie was then
teacher's assignment which dealt in ] interested in the matter, and he
such mediocre amounts! I provided funds for the purchase
This article is intended to dis- Hand erection of the machinery. The
, cuss telescopes and some of the I machinery for dome and tube were
[ revelations coming from them. Es- made in Massachusetts and shipped
pecial reference is to the installs-]around Cape Horn to California.
tion on Mount Wilson, just above t The total cost of the instrument
Pasadena. and its dome has exceeeded $600,-
Some readers will doubtless know
of the progress made in America
in producing lenses and relating in-
struments. It may be pardoned,
however, if the writer ignores all
that and proceeds to write about
the matter.
Dr. George E. Hale was Director
of the Yerkes Observatory belong-
ing to University of Chicago, and
situated at Williams Bay in Wis-
cousin. Considerable interest had
been aroused in the question of
the amount of radiation from our
sun, whether it was constant or var-
ied from time to time. Dr. Hale felt
that if a telescope could ,be set up
somewhere above clouds and mist,
and where fairly uniform weather
conditions might be enjoyed, much
could be learned which would be
important in science.
SELECT MT. WILSON SITE
Sites in several western states
were investigated as well as pro-
posed locations in Australia and
South America. Finally Mount Wil-
son in California was decided upon.
This mountain is north of Pasa-
dena, and has an elevation of a lit-
tle over 6,000 feet. Careful ob-
servations showed that one could
depend upon having well over 250
observing nights in the year. It
has turned out that almost 300 days
in the year are available for as-
tronomical work there. There are
no storms with precipitation on
Mount Wilson from May to October,
~nd through the winter months
days and nights are clear enough
for definite work. There is heavy
snow during the nights, sometimes
amounting to six or seven feet in
total precipitation.
In the winter of 1903-4, with a
three-inch telescope Dr. Hale made
a continuous series of tests on the
mountain, and was convinced that
it was a favorable site for a suit-
able installation. The next thing
was to get a grant of money for
the purpose. The Carnegie Insti-
tution of Washington made such a
grant, and work was begun.
GLASS DISGS ARE I~EAT
OF ENGINEERING SKILL
In this article a detailed history
of progress is hardly Int~ place,
therefore we shall be brief and deal
with the most noteworthy achieve-
ments. The first installation of note
was the transfer from Yerkes of
the Snow Telescope. This was a
horizontal telescope given by Miss
Helen Snow. It was designed ex-
clusively for work on the sun,
studying its heat and light and
other radiation. Results were so
satisfying that it was felt that a
larger reflecting type telescope
would greatly increase the efficien-
cy of the plant. Accordingly a
Tower telescope was erected with
a lens of 60 feet focus. W~lth one
of these an image of the sun about
17 inches in diameter can be form-
ed.
The day I was privileged to go in-
to the work room and see the image
of the sun, there were two groups
of splendid sun-spots visible. The
regular program of the Tower is to
automatically each four minutes
take a picture of the sun's image.
In this way a library of over 70,-
000 pictures of the sun in regular
sequence has been built up, and it
is estimated that this will be suffic-
ient for some time for study of the
sun and its surface changes.
Dr. Hale built largely at his own
expense a laboratory and workshop
in Pasadena on Santa Barbara
Street, and this has since become
the general workshop and offices of
the Mount Wilson Observatory as
a part of the Carnegie Institution.
In this shop all the remainder of
the equipment with exception of
some of tbe very large mountings
of the telescopes have been made
and finished.
The important pieces of appar-
atus are two telescopes both of re-
flecting type, one having a mirror
60 inches in diameter, and the
other having a mirror of 100 inches
in diameter. The general reader
may not realize the size of thes~
pieces of glass, nor their weight,
unless he is informed that 100
inches means almost nine feet.
Think of a round disc of glass
nine feet in diameter, and 18 inches
thick with a beautiful mirror sur-
face in which there is not a varia-
tion from the supposed true curve
of as much as one-twenty-thou-
sandth of an inch. To make that
was a feat of human engineering
skill. Anyone who has stood be-
fore a really fine mirror may have
a faint conception of the great 100-
inch. As we drove up to the en-
trance gate and paid the toll fee
for the car, the gate keeper said,
"The 100-inch will be open for
visitors at 2:30 this afternoon."
People here speak of the "100-
inch" as one of the wonders.
One should have a picture of this
000.
GREAT WEIGHT IS
CAR~RIED BY FIKEPATION
The telescope as it stands now,
weighs 200 tons. The dome adds
another 100 tons. It was thought
that such an enormous weight on
the bearings would produce so
much friction that very qnickly the
wear on the bearings would militate
against aecnracy. Therefore a flo-
tation system was devised. Each
i bearing supports ten tons directly,
,the other ninety tons being sup-
ported the flotation. The float-
by
ing medium is mercury. Two hun-
dred tons of mercury are used in
the system.
My attention was called to the
fact that everything about this
telescope runs in hundreds. Motors
are used to move the telescope to
point to different parts of the sky.
A motor of three and one half horse
power is the prime mover; and dur-
ing observations in order to keep
the line of sight trained accurately
on a celestial object a motor of
about one-eighth horse power
maintains a constant movement to
counteract the effect of the earth's
rotation.
We all know that the earth
moves on its axis at a regular rate,
and therefore objects are displayed
in the sky an amount of 15 min-
utes of are during one minute of
clock time. Mounted on the mainI
axis of the telescope is a large gear '
wheel 17 feet in diameter with
teeth cut in its circumference.
There is one tooth for each minute
of time, and therefore 1440 of them
altogether for a complete revolu-
tion through one day. These teeth
had to be exactly accurate, so ac-
curate that after the 1440 teeth
had been cut the cutting device
must fall precisely in the first tooth
cut. The expert workman from the l
Pasadena shop set up his gear cut-
ter, and he was told that if his work
varied as much as one-five-thou-
sandth of an inch from truth, the
wheel would have to be rejected
and a new one cast. He set to
work, and cut his teeth. When the
result was tested, he was "out" less
than one-one hundred thousandth
of an inch. That is surely some
engineering."
The 100-inch telescope is used
entirely for photographic observa-
tions. The photographic films of
today are far more sensitive than
the human eye, and it is by photo-
graphic means that the wonderful
pictures of the depths of space are
obtained. Exposure time runs into
many hours, sometimes as much
as one hundred.
The reader will ask, "How can an
exposure of one hundred hours be
made when a day has only 24 hours
in it." The answer is in the gear
wheel just described. The telescope
is run for an observing night, then
stopped, and the next light start-
]ed again just where it left off. The
photographic image is perfect,
which it would not be if that gear
wheel were as much as one-five
thousandth of an inch defective in
one of the teeth.
State Regent Speaks
At D.A.R. Meeting
Balliet chapter D.A.R. had the~
pleasure of entertaining three
state officers of the organization at
their meeting on Wednesday eve-
ning. Mrs. O. S. Von E:rog, state
regent, of Eldora; Mrs. C. A. Gar-
lock, state auditor, of Ft. Dodge;
and Mrs. R. P. Ink, state historian
and a member of the local chapter.
A dinner at the Baker house at 6:00
o'clock honored the state officers,
who were presented flowers. Mrs.
lYon Krog was presented a gift
from the chapter. Following the
dinner the group adjourned to the
home of M'rs. Ink where they were
joined by 35 friends for the meet-
ing. Mrs. Von Krog addressed the
members and guests during the
I evening, and several selections were
sung by a male quartet from Cor-
nell college, including Gordon
Myers, Eugene Ferris Edgar
Schmiel, Robert Grunewald.
Mrs. Edwin A. Bradford of New
York City is expected to arrive Fri-
day to be the guest of Dr. and Mrs.
Francis F. Ebersole.
Too Late To Classify
Turn to Page 7-fore'Regular
Classified Ad ,~ct~on
FOR SALE: Five good Hamp-
shire boars also one yearling Berk-
shire boar. Reasonable prices. Rex
Brady, Mt. Vernon. 2-p
FOR SALE--Modern house. For
Rent and sale, farm. G. G. Wolfe,
agent. 2-p
FOR SALE: Having installed a
coal stoker, a Thermostatic draft
instrument to look at as he reads
control and time clock for sale.
John B. Bryant, phone 2761. 2-2tp
cottage home, a dandy, all on one
floor, new oak floors, all for $1400.
Can deliver in thirty days. J.N.
Kyle.
about it, and I am asking Mr. Mc-
Cutcheon to print one for us. The
start of this mirror was the inter-
est that Mr. John D. Hooker, a
business man, took in the enter-
prise. He gave a preliminary gift of
$45,000 to defray the cost of get-
ting the piece of glass from France.
No one in America could make
such a casting. The disc arrived
and was 101 inches in diameter.
After six years of work in grinding
and polishing in the shop in Pasa-
dena, during which more than a ton
2p
--~(()RYGAGE PROTECTION. Life
I Insurance can safeguard your in-
vestment against mortgage fore-
closure, so ALL your property will
go to your family. Get information
on this plan. Ralph V. Bachman,
agent. 2
I
Armistice Day
(WNU S~rvlc~
CAA Pilot Students
Study Flight Theory
The C.A.A. course is now well un-
der way, with most of the students
advanced to stage B and making
solo flights. Having completed a
manual of flight rules and regula-
tions under the instruction of
George Clifford of Cedar Rapids,
the ground school is now taking up
a new manual on the history of
aviation and theory of flight.
Prof. Roy Nelson has completed
his lectures to the class on com-
pass navigation and course plot-
ting. Radio navigation is the next
phase of aviation to be studied by
the class. Later lectures will in-
elude celestial navigation, weather
conditions, cloud formations, and
atmospheric conditions.
Students who have completed
their first eight hours of dual in-
struction time and are now soloing
are: Lowell Boyer, Ivan
Robert Clemens, Loren Duffey,
Norms Kofahl, Don Larson, Elmer
Moots, Frank Nelick, Dick Paul,
Dick Sampson, Gene Tornqutst,
John Tudor, and Dick Van Tuyle.
Raymond Mallie Yield Of 114
Bushels Entered In Contest
A certified corn yield of 114
bushels per acre, harvested by
Raymond Mallie on his farm north
of Mount Vernon, has been enter-
ed in the 1940 DeKatb national
corn growing contest. DeKalb 606
seed was used. George Vislisel has
entered the contest with a yield
of 109 bushels to the acre.
Market Reports
Hogs, Chicago top $6.50
Cattle, Chicago top $14.75
Sheep, Chicago top $9.75
Hogs, Cedar Rapids top $5.90
Chicago Grain
Corn, per bu 60%c
Wheat, per bu 84 %c
Carter, Oats, per ,bu 34 e
Two Great Shows
This Week
TONIGHT - FRIDAY -SATURDAY
One of the finest pictures ever made. The story of a
great American, a great guy, a great coach, a great
picture---
THE BIG SHOW OF THE SEASON
MARCH OF TIME AND CARTOON
SUNDAY, MONDAY, MATINEE, SUNDAY, 2:30
SUNDAY EVENING SHOWS 6:30 and 8:30
The popular players of "Victoria the Great" in another fine his-
torical pK~ure of tile life and times of E~gland's famons Queen
Victoria.
IN GORGEOUS TECHNICOLOR WITH
ANNA NEAGLE AND ANTON WALBROOK
A beautiful love story fumed in the actual cities and palaces
where tile Queen Made History.
Our Gang Comedy and News
21c -- TUESDAY - WEDNESDAY
The Exciting, Thrilling Airplane Picture---
"MEN AGAINST THE SKY"
Richard Dix -- Wendy Barrie
Coming Soon-- "Arise My Love."
FRESH GROUND HAMBURGER 15c
FRESH GROUND PORK SAUSAGE, 2 lbs 25c
FRESH SIDE PORK, Rineless, lb 13c
FRESH CUT PORK CHOPS or PORK STEAK, lb 17c
PORK ROAST OF SHOULDER, pound 15c
PORK ROAST OF HAM or LOIN, ib 17c
BEEF BOIL, SHORT RIBS, pound 11c
MINUTE STEAK, pound 24c
HOME MADE SMOKED SAUSAGE, pound 18e
PORK HOCK )
PORK LIVER
PORK HEARTS
PORK BONES, Meaty, pound 5c
SMOKED HAMS, No. 2, avg 8-9 Ibs, per Ib 15c
LARD, 2 pounds 17c
SPRING CHICKENS OYSTERS VEAL LAMB
DIAL 2412
Rudolf Vodicka, Prop.
Mount Vernon, Iowa
CRISCO Vegetable Shortening, 3 pound tin 49c
SOAP, Palm Olive, 4 bars 25c
MARSHMALLOWS, Cello, 1 pound bags, 2 for 25c
RITZ CRACKERS, NBC Large Package 23c
SPAGHETTI, Heinz Tomato Sauce, 2 tins 25c
JELLO PUDDING, 3 Flavors, 4 packages 19c
CRACKERS, Paradise, 2 pound box 27c
LARD, Armour's Star pound cartons, 2 for 17c
COFFEE, Folgers Drip or Regular, 2 lb tin 49c
FLOUR, Snow White, 24 pound bag 73c
FIG BARS, Filled with California Figs, 2 lb pkg 22c
TUNA, Baby Stuart light meat, 2 tins 35c
BOWL CLEANER, Baby Stuart, 2 tins 29c
CHERRIES Red Pitted, 2 tns 23c, Black Pitted 2 tns 37c
APPLE BUTTER, Richelieu, 2 pound cylinder jar 23c
DATE NUT BREAD. Cross & Blackwell, 2 tins 25 c
MINCE MEAT, Richelieu condensed, 2 pkgs 17c
GRAPE FRUIT, Texas Seedless, 96 size, 9 for 25c
SMOKED SAUSAGE, Stahl's, 1 pound box 36c
CIGARETTES, Order Today, Package or Carton.
We Deliver Mount Vernon, Iowa Dial 4012
]istice
i~bered
~the t,
~h bro
lUr n
~(1 the
~t 5
an
erlca
ese
merlcan
Where else on this troubled earth will a
dollars buy so much in happiness and good looks.
and who else is there to be thankful for it if
not?
Grand Suits
$21.50 and $24.75
Fine Topcoats
$18.75 and $24.75
Gorgeous O'coats
$19.75 and $24.75
All waiting for you to say to yourself ."By
that ad is as right as rain and I'm going to
a feather in my hat and go to town on some
clothing !"
Awfully easy.
A Big Store In A Small Town
/
ace
Here's to you and UNITY.
America has spoken. It's
betting its future on you and
it's backing you 100%.
Here's to that grand old
flag we all love better than
life itself.
May heaven give you both
the courage, strength and
judgment to guide America
along the paths of righteous-
ness, liberty and opportunity.
That is the prayer to-night
at American bedsides . . . to
which we add
Amen.
RENT
SPACE IN THIS PAPER
Will Anange To
GOOD NEIGHBORS-PRICES TO
FIT YOUR BUSINESS